建國(guó)以來(lái)中國(guó)污水處理行業(yè)歷經(jīng)了怎樣的發(fā)展過(guò)程？目前存在哪些機(jī)遇與挑戰(zhàn)？面向未來(lái)的污水處理行業(yè)將走向何方？

近日，中國(guó)工程院曲久輝院士等多位國(guó)內(nèi)行業(yè)專家對(duì)上述問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)解答，指出了中國(guó)污水處理行業(yè)的發(fā)展方向。相關(guān)綜述Municipal wastewater treatment in China: Development history and future perspectives作為封面文章發(fā)表在期刊Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering(FESE)上。

中國(guó)污水處理事業(yè)始于上世紀(jì)七十年代末，盡管起步較晚，但在城鎮(zhèn)化推進(jìn)與環(huán)境保護(hù)需求的不斷推動(dòng)下發(fā)展壯大。特別是過(guò)去20年，中國(guó)的污水處理設(shè)施建設(shè)進(jìn)入飛速發(fā)展期，污水處理規(guī)模迅速增長(zhǎng)、效率不斷提高，中國(guó)的污水處理能力和市場(chǎng)空間已躍居全球首位。

中國(guó)污水處理技術(shù)研發(fā)投入顯著提升，先進(jìn)工藝裝備和技術(shù)不斷涌現(xiàn)，并得到推廣應(yīng)用，科研群體人數(shù)和創(chuàng)新能力持續(xù)提高，已進(jìn)入全球前列。

雖然中國(guó)污水處理行業(yè)的快速發(fā)展和取得的矚目成就為支撐中國(guó)的社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)進(jìn)步和城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程提供了有力的保障，但是，整個(gè)污水處理行業(yè)仍存在市政管網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)及污泥處理處置設(shè)施不健全、創(chuàng)新機(jī)制不完善、污水處理工藝可持續(xù)性差、污水處理排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)與區(qū)域水體缺少關(guān)聯(lián)性、“水處理—人類社會(huì)—自然環(huán)境”和諧發(fā)展的頂層設(shè)計(jì)缺少系統(tǒng)考慮等問(wèn)題，需要在未來(lái)的行業(yè)發(fā)展中解決。

如何解決這些問(wèn)題呢？文章中提到，污水處理行業(yè)有必要在管理、技術(shù)、政策等方面進(jìn)行根本性的變革：行業(yè)目標(biāo)從污染控制轉(zhuǎn)向水回用、資源回收及生態(tài)改善；環(huán)保政策從關(guān)注末端治理轉(zhuǎn)向?qū)崿F(xiàn)綜合環(huán)境整治；治理技術(shù)也更多元化，以信息技術(shù)、生命科學(xué)和材料科學(xué)為代表的第四次工業(yè)革命正在深刻影響著水處理科技的創(chuàng)新方向。

基于中國(guó)污水處理行業(yè)的獨(dú)特背景和發(fā)展需求，曲久輝院士等多位國(guó)內(nèi)行業(yè)專家于2014年共同發(fā)起“建設(shè)面向未來(lái)的中國(guó)城市污水處理概念廠”事業(yè)，以水質(zhì)永續(xù)、能源回收、資源循環(huán)、環(huán)境友好為指導(dǎo)理念，推動(dòng)了面向未來(lái)（2030年）發(fā)展需求、引領(lǐng)行業(yè)創(chuàng)新趨勢(shì)的污水處理概念廠的建設(shè)。中國(guó)的污水處理概念廠獲得了國(guó)內(nèi)外普遍關(guān)注，目前示范項(xiàng)目已實(shí)施落地，推動(dòng)中國(guó)污水處理行業(yè)邁上新的臺(tái)階。本文作者即為中國(guó)城市污水處理概念廠專家委員會(huì)成員和相關(guān)工作參與人員。

展望未來(lái)，環(huán)境保護(hù)需求緊迫、水資源緊缺、環(huán)保與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展相矛盾的局面將進(jìn)一步加劇，必然給中國(guó)水處理行業(yè)帶來(lái)更艱巨的挑戰(zhàn)，同時(shí)也將提供新的發(fā)展機(jī)遇。中國(guó)水處理行業(yè)需要基于國(guó)情積極探索，在政策、模式和科技方面不斷創(chuàng)新發(fā)展，探索可持續(xù)的發(fā)展路徑。

（來(lái)源：科學(xué)網(wǎng)）

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封面圖片 2020年, 第14卷  第1期 This article explains the adsorption, uptake and transmembrane transport of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by bacteria; the regulation of membrane protein function during the transmembrane transport; and the proteomics and single cell analysis technology used to address these areas of research. There are three different regulation mechanisms for uptake, depending on the state and size of the oil droplets relative to the size of the microbial cells, which are (i) direct adhesion, (ii) emulsification and pseudosolubilization, and (iii) interfacial uptake. This article gives a detailed introduction to its process. There are two main transmembrane transport modes are introduced, which are active transport and (ii) passive uptake. Active transport is a very important form of transmembrane transport, and this cover shows just such a process. Active transport has the following four characteristics: it can be transported against the concentration gradient; it requires energy or is coupled with the process of releasing energy; it needs to rely on membrane transport proteins; and it is selective and specific. [收起]

ISSN 2095-2201N (Print) ISSN 2095-221X (Online) CN 10-1013/X Postal Subscription Code 80-973 原刊名 Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China  2018 Impact Factor: 3.883     期刊介紹     » 出版范圍     » 簡(jiǎn)介     » 編委會(huì)     » 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)收錄     » 聯(lián)系我們       作者中心     » 在線投稿     » 作者指南     » 模板下載     » 作者常見(jiàn)問(wèn)題       審稿中心     » 審稿指南     » 在線審稿     » 推薦審稿人     » 致謝       新聞公告 更多   » Special Issue on Bioaerosol, Environment and Health is calling for Papers   2020-02-19 » Congratulations to Prof. Jun Ma, Editorial Board Member of FESE, elected as the 2019 Fellow of CAE!   2019-11-25 » Call for Papers of Special Issue for 2019 China Urban Water Environment and Water Ecology Development Conference   2019-04-28 » Congratulations to Prof. Jiuhui Qu, Associate Editor-in-Chief of FESE, elected to the US National Academy of Engineering!   2019-02-18 » Special Issue on “Environmental Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance”   2018-08-16 » Congratulations to Dr. Mark van Loosdrecht, Associate Editor-in-Chief of FESE, honored for 2018 Stockholm Water Prize!   2018-03-26 » Congratulations to Prof. Jiming Hao, Editor-in-Chief of FESE, elected tothe US National Academy of Engineering!   2018-02-09 » Special Issue on “Application of Environmental Genomics in Bioremediation of Persistent Pollutants”   2017-11-28 » 2016 Excellence in Review Awards for Frontiers of Environmental Science   2017-01-17 » Call for Papers of Special Issue for Recycling Materials from WEEE   2016-12-15

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  2020, Vol.14  No.1

  This article explains the adsorption, uptake and transmembrane transport of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) by bacteria; the regulation of membrane protein function during the transmembrane transport; and the proteomics and single cell analysis technology used to address these areas of research. There are three different regulation mechanisms for uptake, depending on the state and size of the oil droplets relative to the size of the microbial cells [Detail] ...

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Special Issue on Bioaerosol, Environment and Health is calling for Papers2020-02-19

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Congratulations to Prof. Jun Ma, Editorial Board Member of FESE, elected as the 2019 Fellow of CAE!2019-11-25

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Call for Papers of Special Issue for 2019 China Urban Water Environment and Water Ecology Development Conference2019-04-28

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Congratulations to Prof. Jiuhui Qu, Associate Editor-in-Chief of FESE, elected to the US National Academy of Engineering!2019-02-18

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Special Issue on “Environmental Antibiotics and Antibiotic Resistance”2018-08-16

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Congratulations to Dr. Mark van Loosdrecht, Associate Editor-in-Chief of FESE, honored for 2018 Stockholm Water Prize!2018-03-26

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Congratulations to Prof. Jiming Hao, Editor-in-Chief of FESE, elected tothe US National Academy of Engineering!2018-02-09

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Special Issue on “Application of Environmental Genomics in Bioremediation of Persistent Pollutants”2017-11-28

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2016 Excellence in Review Awards for Frontiers of Environmental Science2017-01-17

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Call for Papers of Special Issue for Recycling Materials from WEEE2016-12-15

ISSN 2095-2201 (Print)
ISSN 2095-221X (Online)
CN 10-1013/X
Postal Subscription Code 80-973
Formerly Known as Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering in China
2018 Impact Factor: 3.883

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Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.    2019, Vol. 13  Issue (6) : 88     https://doi.org/10.1007/s11783-019-1172-x REVIEW ARTICLE     Municipal wastewater treatment in China: Development history and future perspectives Jiuhui Qu1,10(), Hongchen Wang2,10, Kaijun Wang3,10, Gang Yu3,10, Bing Ke4,10, Han-Qing Yu5,10, Hongqiang Ren6,10, Xingcan Zheng7,10, Ji Li8,10, Wen-Wei Li5, Song Gao9, Hui Gong3 1. Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China 2. School of Environment and Nature Resources, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China 3. School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China 4. Administrative Centre for China’s Agenda 21, Ministry of Science and Technology, Beijing 100038, China 5. CAS Key Laboratory of Urban Pollutant Conversion, University of Science & Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China 6. School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing 212013, China 7. North China Municipal Engineering Design & Research Institute, Tianjin 300074, China 8. School of Environment and Civil Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China 9. Jiangsu (Yixing) Institute of Environmental Industry, Yixing 214200, China 10. Expert Committee for China’s Concept WWTPs, Beijing 100044, China   Abstract Figures/Tables References Related Articles Metrics Download: PDF(1489 KB)   HTML  Export: BibTeX | EndNote | Reference Manager | ProCite | RefWorks Abstract The history of China’s municipal wastewater management is revisited. The remaining challenges in wastewater sector in China are identified. New concept municipal wastewater treatment plants are highlighted. An integrated plant of energy, water and fertilizer recovery is envisaged.   China has the world’s largest and still growing wastewater sector and water market, thus its future development will have profound influence on the world. The high-speed development of China’s wastewater sector over the past 40 years has forged its global leading treatment capacity and innovation ability. However, many problems were left behind, including underdeveloped sewers and sludge disposal facilities, low sustainability of the treatment processes, questionable wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluent discharge standards, and lacking global thinking on harmonious development between wastewater management, human society and the nature. Addressing these challenges calls for fundamental changes in target design, policy and technologies. In this mini-review, we revisit the development history of China’s municipal wastewater management and identify the remaining challenges. Also, we highlight the future needs of sustainable development and exploring China’s own wastewater management path, and outlook the future from several aspects including targets of wastewater management, policies and technologies, especially the new concept WWTP. Furthermore, we envisage the establishment of new-generation WWTPs with the vision of turning WWTP from a site of pollutant removal into a plant of energy, water and fertilizer recovery and an integrated part urban ecology in China. Keywords China      Wastewater treatment plant (WWTP)      Process      Management      Policy      New Concept WWTP      This article is part of themed collection: China Urban Water Environment and Water Ecology (Responsible Editors: Shubo Deng & Huijuan Liu) Corresponding Authors: Jiuhui Qu    Issue Date: 22 November 2019  Cite this article:    Jiuhui Qu,Hongchen Wang,Kaijun Wang, et al. Municipal wastewater treatment in China: Development history and future perspectives[J]. Front. Environ. Sci. Eng., 2019, 13(6): 88.        URL:   http://journal.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/10.1007/s11783-019-1172-x  http://journal.hep.com.cn/fese/EN/Y2019/V13/I6/88

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