LI Wei,CHANG Jing,WANG Jia-wei,et al.Sludge Disinfection, Reduction and Energy Recovery by Anaerobic Digestion with Thermal Hydrolysis Pretreatment[J].China Water & Wastewater,2021,37(16):19-26.
熱水解高級(jí)厭氧消化系統(tǒng)的污泥消毒、減量與能量回收
- Title:
- Sludge Disinfection, Reduction and Energy Recovery by Anaerobic Digestion with Thermal Hydrolysis Pretreatment
- Keywords:
- sewage sludge; thermal hydrolysis; anaerobic digestion; disinfection; reduction; energy recovery
摘要:- 新冠疫情的暴發(fā)讓污泥消毒成為熱點(diǎn)，消毒屬于污泥無(wú)害化的范疇，但污泥對(duì)環(huán)境的危害不僅僅是由其含有的有害微生物引起的。污泥的處理應(yīng)始終綜合考量無(wú)害化、減量化、穩(wěn)定化，并在此基礎(chǔ)上探索能源化和資源化。集成各項(xiàng)先進(jìn)技術(shù)的熱水解高級(jí)厭氧消化系統(tǒng)在北京3年的工程應(yīng)用取得了良好的污泥處理效果。實(shí)踐表明，熱水解可高效殺滅有害微生物，高級(jí)厭氧消化處理產(chǎn)物的衛(wèi)生學(xué)特性達(dá)標(biāo)情況良好，其重金屬含量大幅低于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)限值，且向更加穩(wěn)定的形態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變。熱水解的改性作用使消化池的單位處理能力增至常規(guī)厭氧消化的3.6倍，節(jié)省約68%的消化池建設(shè)投資。有機(jī)物降解率從40%提高至52%，消化產(chǎn)物的穩(wěn)定性進(jìn)一步提高，消化殘余固體進(jìn)一步減少，相當(dāng)于污泥的減量化率從常規(guī)厭氧消化后脫水的28%，提高至高級(jí)厭氧消化的66%。有機(jī)物轉(zhuǎn)化效率的提高使得沼氣產(chǎn)率大幅增加，即使在目前未滿負(fù)荷的情況下，高級(jí)厭氧消化系統(tǒng)回收的能量扣除系統(tǒng)自身的熱量和電量消耗后仍具有4 089×104 kW·h電量的輸出能力。高級(jí)厭氧消化處理產(chǎn)物的資源化利用也成功銜接了污泥的處理與處置過(guò)程，北京的大規(guī)模生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐為污泥高級(jí)厭氧消化打造了成功成熟的工程樣板。
Abstract:- The disinfection of sewage sludge has become a hot focus due to the outbreak of COVID-19, which belongs to one aspect of sludge harmless treatment. However, the threat of sludge to the environment is not only caused by harmful microbes. It is necessary to explore energy recovery and resource utilization of sludge treatment that is based on harmlessness, volume reduction and stabilization. Various advanced technologies were integrated to build an advanced anaerobic digestion system in Beijing urban area, which has achieved a good sludge treatment effect in the past three years since its construction and operation. Thermal hydrolysis can effectively inactivate harmful microorganisms, the hygienic properties of advanced anaerobic digestion products can meet the standard, and its heavy metals contents are significantly lower than the related standard limit, which have changed to more stable forms. The unit treatment capacity of digester increased to 3.6 times that of conventional anaerobic digestion due to the modification effect of thermal hydrolysis on sludge properties, saving about 68% investment in digester construction. The degradation rate of organics increased from 40% to 52%, indicating that the stability of the digestion products was further improved, the residual solids were further reduced with the volume reduction rate of sludge increased from 28% to 66%. The biogas production rate was greatly increased with the improvement of organic conversion efficiency. Even operated below capacity, the advanced anaerobic digestion system still had the capacity to output 4 089×104 kW·h power under the condition that deducting the heat and power consumption of the system itself from the energy recovered. The treatment and disposal process of sludge were successfully connected by the resource utilization of advanced anaerobic digestion products. The large-scale production application in Beijing has created a successful and mature engineering reference for sludge advanced anaerobic digestion.
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