針對新冠肺炎疫情中可能存在通過城市下水道傳播新冠病毒的風(fēng)險，武漢市根據(jù)疫情發(fā)展?fàn)顩r，參考相關(guān)科研成果和工程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，在確保城市下水道系統(tǒng)通暢的同時，對涉疫廢水采取適當(dāng)應(yīng)急消毒措施。采用次氯酸鈉為主要消毒劑，對醫(yī)院、方艙和隔離點的涉疫廢水，投加有效氯分別為50和80 mg/L時，接觸時間分別大于1.5 h和1.0 h，出水余氯分別大于6.5和10 mg/L；對于無化糞池的留觀點和康復(fù)驛站，在下水道起端投加消毒劑，接觸時間大于10 min，投加有效氯分別為20和10 mg/L，出水余氯控制在6.5~8 mg/L之間；對泵站轉(zhuǎn)輸污水不投加消毒劑；對通溝污泥采用 濃度為1 000 mg/L的有效氯進(jìn)行表面消毒，噴灑量為100~300 mL/m²。截至2020年3月下旬，武漢市涉及城市下水道系統(tǒng)工作的人員無一例感染，消毒工作也未對污水處理廠進(jìn)水水質(zhì)造成較大沖擊，武漢市整體水環(huán)境狀況良好。在應(yīng)急處置行動中也發(fā)現(xiàn)存在缺少對病毒的基礎(chǔ)研究成果、現(xiàn)有檢測結(jié)果對實際評價病毒傳播的指導(dǎo)性不足以及應(yīng)對城市水環(huán)境病毒風(fēng)險的應(yīng)急策略和殺滅方法研究有限等問題。建議結(jié)合基礎(chǔ)性研究成果，完善類似應(yīng)急條件下城市水務(wù)管理和水環(huán)境保護(hù)方面的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和程序。

There was the risk of transmitting new coronavirus through urban sewer system during the novel coronavirus pneumonia outbreak. According to the development of the epidemic situation, the appropriate emergency measures should be taken to disinfect the epidemic wastewater in Wuhan while ensuring the urban sewer system is smooth with reference to relevant research results and technical codes. As the main disinfectant, sodium hypochlorite was used to disinfect the wastewater from quarantine sites and hospitals. When the effective chlorine was 50 and 80 mg/L, the contact time was more than 1.5 h and 1.0 h, the residual chlorine in effluent was more than 6.5 and 10 mg/L, respectively. For the disinfection of wastewater in quarantine sites and recovered patient isolation without septic tank, when the effective chlorine added at the beginning of the sewer was 20 and 10 mg/L and the contact time was more than 10 min, the residual chlorine in effluent was 6.5-8 mg/L. No disinfectant was added to the transfer sewage of pumping station, and the effective chlorine concentration of 1 000 mg/L was used to disinfect the surface of the sewer sludge, and the spray intensity was 100-300 mL/m ² . At the end of March, no case of infection for the staff worked in the urban sewer system was found in Wuhan, and the disinfection work did not cause a great impact on the influent quality of the sewage treatment plant, and the overall water environment in Wuhan was in good condition. However,it was also found that there were some problems such as the lack of basic research on virus, insufficient guidance of the existing test results for the actual evaluation of virus transmission, and the limited research on emergency strategies and killing methods to deal with the risk of urban water environment virus. It was suggested that the standards and procedures for urban water management and water environmental protection under similar emergency conditions should be improved in the light of basic research results.