中文題名 生物質(zhì)類吸附材料在脫硫廢水除氟中的應(yīng)用
英文題名 Application of Biomass Adsorbents in Deflorination Desulfurization Wastewater
作者：曹政a、閆征楚b、周德亞b、李晨*b、劉展b、余桂寧b、陸晟星b、姜晴晴b
作者單位：1.包頭股份動供總廠 2.中電創(chuàng)新環(huán)境
作者地址：江蘇省 無錫市 新吳區(qū)具區(qū)路88號 中電創(chuàng)新環(huán)境有限公司 13722837721
摘要
木質(zhì)素是生物質(zhì)的重要做成部分。其熱解的液體產(chǎn)品生物油和固體產(chǎn)品生物炭是木質(zhì)素熱解的主要增值產(chǎn)品。由于應(yīng)用范圍窄、質(zhì)量低，采用熱解法生產(chǎn)生物油不能帶來足夠的經(jīng)濟效益，木質(zhì)素基的生物炭其應(yīng)用條件和范圍需要進一步明確。本文研究了兩種提高木質(zhì)素生物制品質(zhì)量的方法，并針對生物炭基吸附材料在脫硫廢水處理上的應(yīng)用展開了中試規(guī)模的研究。
本研究引入了化學活化（熱解）來取代直接熱解。與生物炭相比，木質(zhì)素化學活化產(chǎn)物木質(zhì)素活性炭具有更好的經(jīng)濟價值。在最佳活化條件下，生成的木質(zhì)素活性炭表面積約為1117 m2/g，收率可達50%左右。與商業(yè)活性炭相比，木質(zhì)素活性炭具有相似的碘值、亞甲基藍值、BET 表面積、更好的產(chǎn)率。使用ZnCl2活性炭法被證明是利用木質(zhì)素生物質(zhì)殘渣的最佳方法之一。
煤燃燒后產(chǎn)生大量的含二氧化硫煙氣，用堿性物質(zhì)吸收后，用水沖洗產(chǎn)生大量的高COD、高鹽分、高氨氮、高氟化物的脫硫廢水。采用木質(zhì)素吸附材料對該種廢水進行處理，連續(xù)運行7天后發(fā)現(xiàn)， 其對COD和氨氮的去除效果可達50%，對氟化物的去除效果可以達到約90%。
關(guān)鍵詞：生物質(zhì)；木質(zhì)素；熱解；活性炭；除氟；脫硫廢水
Abstract
Lignin is an important part of biomass. Bio-oil and biochar are the main value-added products after lignin pyrolysis. Due to the narrow application range and low quality, the use of pyrolysis to produce bio-oil cannot bring sufficient economic benefits. The application conditions and scope of lignin-based biochar need to be further clarified. This report has studied two methods to improve the quality of lignin bio-products, and carried out a pilot scale study on the application of biochar-based adsorption in the treatment of desulfurization wastewater.
The research in this report introduced chemical activation (pyrolysis) to replace direct pyrolysis. Compared with biochar, lignin-based activated carbon, a chemical activation product of lignin, has better economic value. Under the optimal activation conditions, the surface area of the produced activated carbon is about 1117 m2/g, and the yield can reach about 50%. Compared with commercial activated carbon, lignin activated carbon has similar iodine value, methylene blue value, BET surface area, and better yield. The application of ZnCl2 activation method has been proved to be one of the best methods to utilize lignin biomass residues.
After coal is burned, a large amount of sulfur dioxide-containing flue gas is produced. After being absorbed by an alkaline substance, it is washed with water to generate a large amount of desulfurization wastewater with high COD, high salinity, high ammonia nitrogen, and high fluoride. The lignin adsorbent is used to treat this kind of wastewater. After 7 days of continuous operation, it is found that the removal effect of COD and ammonia nitrogen can reach 50%, and the removal effect of fluoride can reach about 90%.
Key words: biomass; lignin; pyrolysis; activated carbon; furfural; acetone; Deflorination; desulfurization wastewater
木質(zhì)素是一種寶貴的能源資源，與纖維素和半纖維素一起是組成木材的三大主要成分。木質(zhì)素是第二大有機原料來源地[1]，約占大多數(shù)生物質(zhì)的 4-35 wt%、硬木的 16-25 wt% 和軟木的 23-35 wt% [2]。作為最豐富的天然芳香聚合物[3]，木質(zhì)素具有高度支化的三維酚結(jié)構(gòu)（圖1-1），包括三個主要的苯丙烷單元，即對香豆素、松柏基和芥子基。軟木木質(zhì)素含有較少的芥子醇基單元，主要由木�；Y(jié)構(gòu)組成，而硬木木質(zhì)素含有木�；∠慊Y(jié)構(gòu)。
