歐盟 城市污水指令

COUNCIL DIRECTIVE

of 21 May 1991

concerning urban waste water treatment

城市污水處理指令

(91/271/EEC)

來源：歐盟議會

 

Article 1 第一條

This Directive concerns the collection, treatment and discharge of urban waste water and the treatment and discharge of waste water from certain industrial sectors.

本指令涉及城市污水的收集、處理和排放，以及某些工業(yè)部門廢水的處理和排放。

The objective of the Directive is to protect the environment from the adverse effects of the abovementioned waste water discharges.

該指令的目的是保護環(huán)境免受上述污廢水排放的不利影響。

Article 2 第二條

For the purpose of this Directive:

本指令涉及的名詞定義：

1. "urban waste water" means domestic waste water or the mixture of domestic waste water with industrial waste water and/or run-off rain water;

1.“城市污水”是指生活污水，或生活污水、工業(yè)廢水、徑流雨水的混合污廢水；

2. "domestic waste water" means waste water from residential settlements and services which originates predominantly from the human metabolism and from household activities;

2.“生活污水”是指主要來源于人類新陳代謝，以及服務(wù)于人類家庭居住和活動而產(chǎn)生的污水；

3. "industrial waste water" means any waste water which is discharged from premises used for carrying on any trade or industry, other than domestic waste water and run-off rain water;

3.“工業(yè)廢水”是指從用于從事任何工商業(yè)生產(chǎn)的場所排放的廢水，其中所排放的生活廢水和徑流雨水除外；

4. "agglomeration" means an area where the population and/or economic activities are sufficiently concentrated for urban waste water to be collected and conducted to an urban waste water treatment plant or to a final discharge point;

4.“集聚區(qū)”是指人口和/或經(jīng)濟活動充分集中，城市污水可被收集并輸送至城市污水處理廠或最終排放點的區(qū)域；

5. "collecting system" means a system of conduits which collects and conducts urban waste water;

5.“收集系統(tǒng)”是指收集并輸送城市污水的管道系統(tǒng)；

6. "population equivalent" means the organic biodegradable load having a five-day biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) of 60 g of oxygen per day;

6.“人口當量”是指按每人每天排放60克氧氣當量的有機物計算，所排放的五天生化需氧量（BOD5）有機生物降解負荷；

7. "primary treatment" means treatment of urban waste water by a physical and/or chemical process involving settlement of suspended solids, or other processes in which the BOD5 of the incoming waste water is reduced by at least 20 % before discharge and the total suspended solids of the incoming waste water are reduced by at least 50 %;

7. “一級處理”是指通過物理和/或化學(xué)工藝處理城市污水，包括沉降懸浮物，或可將進水的BOD5在排放前至少降低20%，進水總懸浮固體至少減少50%的其他工藝；

8. "secondary treatment" means treatment of urban waste water by a process generally involving biological treatment with a secondary settlement or other process in which the requirements established in Table 1 of Annex I are respected;

8. “二級處理”是指處理城市污水的包括具有二次沉淀的生物處理工藝，或其他符合附件I中表1要求的工藝；

9. "appropriate treatment" means treatment of urban waste water by any process and/or disposal system which after discharge allows the receiving waters to meet the relevant quality objectives and the relevant provisions of this and other Community Directives;

9. “妥當處理”是指通過任何的工藝和/或處置系統(tǒng)對城市污水進行處理，排放后使接收水達到相關(guān)質(zhì)量目標以及本指令和其他歐盟共同體指令的相關(guān)規(guī)定；

10. "Sludge" means residual sludge, whether treated or untreated, from urban waste water treatment plants;

10.“污泥”是指城市污水處理廠產(chǎn)生的經(jīng)處理或未經(jīng)處理的剩余污泥；

11. "eutrophication" means the enrichment of water by nutrients, especially compounds of nitrogen and/or phosphorus, causing an accelerated growth of algae and higher forms of plant life to produce an undesirable disturbance to the balance of organisms present in the water and to the quality of the water concerned;

11. “富營養(yǎng)化”是指水體中營養(yǎng)成分富集，尤其是氮和/或磷的化合物，導(dǎo)致藻類和高等植物的加速生長，從而對水中生物的平衡以及水質(zhì)產(chǎn)生負面影響；

12. "estuary" means the transitional area at the mouth of a river between fresh-water and coastal waters. Member States shall establish the outer (seaward) limits of estuaries for the purposes of this Directive as part of the programme for implementation in accordance with the provisions of Article 17 (1) and (2);

12.“河口”是指淡水和沿海水域之間的河口過渡區(qū)。 歐盟成員國應(yīng)根據(jù)第 17 條第(1)和(2)款的規(guī)定，建立河口外部（向海一側(cè)）的界限，作為實施本指令工作的一部分；

13. "coastal waters" means the waters outside the low-water line or the outer limit of an estuary.

13.“沿海水域”是指低于水位線以外的水域或河口界限外圍的水域。

Article 3 第三條

1. Member States shall ensure that all agglomerations are provided with collecting systems for urban waste water,

1. 歐盟成員國應(yīng)確保為所有人口聚集地提供城市污水收集系統(tǒng)，

- at the latest by 31 December 2000 for those with a population equivalent (p.e.) of more than 15000, and

- 對于人口當量超過15000的區(qū)域，最遲在2000年12月31日之前完成，以及

- at the latest by 31 December 2005 for those with a p.e. of between 2000 and 15000.

- 對于人口當量介于2000到15000人之間的區(qū)域，最遲在2005年12月31日之前。

For urban waste water discharging into receiving waters which are considered "sensitive areas" as defined under Article 5, Member States shall ensure that collection systems are provided at the latest by 31 December 1998 for agglomerations of more than 10000 p.e.

對于需要排放入第5條所定義的被視為“敏感區(qū)域”的受納水域的城市污水，成員國應(yīng)確保最遲在1998年12月31日之前為超過10000人口當量的集聚區(qū)提供污水收集系統(tǒng)。

Where the establishment of a collecting system is not justified either because it would produce no environmental benefit or because it would involve excessive cost, individual systems or other appropriate systems which achieve the same level of environmental protection shall be used.

對于建設(shè)收集系統(tǒng)并不合理的，不論是不能產(chǎn)生環(huán)境效益或成本過高等原因，都應(yīng)當采用單獨的系統(tǒng)或其他達到同等環(huán)境保護水平的合適的系統(tǒng)。

2. Collecting systems described in paragraph 1 shall satisfy the requirements of Annex I (A). These requirements may be amended in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 18.

2. 第 1 段所述的收集系統(tǒng)應(yīng)滿足附錄I(A)的要求。這些要求可以根據(jù)第 18 條規(guī)定的程序進行修改。

Article 4 第四條

1. Member States shall ensure that urban waste water entering collecting systems shall before discharge be subject to secondary treatment or an equivalent treatment as follows:

1. 成員國應(yīng)確保以下區(qū)域納入收集系統(tǒng)的城市污水在排放前應(yīng)經(jīng)過二級處理或等效處理：

- at the latest by 31 December 2000 for all discharges from agglomerations of more than 15000 p.e.,

- 最遲在2000年12月31日之前確保從超過15000人口當量的聚集地排放的污水經(jīng)過二級處理，

- at the latest by 31 December 2005 for all discharges from agglomerations ofbetween 10000 and 15000 p.e.,

- 最遲在2005年12月31日之前確保從10000到15000人口當量范圍的聚集地排放的污水經(jīng)過二級處理，

- at the latest by 31 December 2005 for discharges to fresh-water and estuaries from agglomerations of between 2000 and 10000 p.e.

- 最遲在2005年12月31日之前確保從2000到10000人口當量范圍的聚集地排放的污水經(jīng)過二級處理，

2. Urban waste water discharges to waters situated in high mountain regions (over 1500 m above sea level) where it is difficult to apply an effective biological treatment due to low temperatures may be subjected to treatment less stringent than that prescribed in paragraph 1, provided that detailed studies indicate that such discharges do not adversely affect the environment.

2. 城市污水排放至位于高山地區(qū)（海拔1500米以上）的水域，因低溫而難以進行有效的生物處理，可采用低于第1款規(guī)定的處理嚴格程度，但前提是經(jīng)過詳細研究表明，此類排放不會對環(huán)境產(chǎn)生不利影響。

3. Discharges from urban waste water treatment plants described in paragraphs 1 and 2 shall satisfy the relevant requirements of Annex I.B. These requirements may be amended in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 18.

3. 第1款和第2款所述的城市污水處理廠的排放，應(yīng)符合附錄I.B 的相關(guān)要求。這些要求可以根據(jù)第18條規(guī)定的程序進行修改。

4. The load expressed in p.e. shall be calculated on the basis of the maximum average weekly load entering the treatment plant during the year, excluding unusual situations such as those due to heavy rain.

4. 以人口當量表示的污染負荷，應(yīng)以年內(nèi)進入處理廠的每周最大平均負荷計算，不包括暴雨等異常情況。

Article 5 第五條

1. For the purposes of paragraph 2, Member States shall by 31 December 1993 identify sensitive areas according to the criteria laid down in Annex II.

1. 為了達到第2款的要求，成員國應(yīng)在1993年12月31日之前根據(jù)附件II中規(guī)定的標準確定敏感區(qū)域。

2. Member States shall ensure that urban waste water entering collecting systems shall before discharge into sensitive areas be subject to more stringent treatment than that described in Article 4, by 31 December 1998 at the latest for all discharges from agglomerations of more than 10000p.e.

2. 成員國應(yīng)確保進入收集系統(tǒng)的城市污水在被排放到敏感區(qū)域之前，最遲在1998年12月31日之前，對所有超過10000當量人口的聚集區(qū)域的排放水進行比第4條所述更為嚴格的處理。

3. Discharges from urban waste water treatment plants described in paragraph 2 shall satisfy the relevant requirements of Annex I B. These requirements may be amended in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 18.

3.第2款所述的城市污水處理廠的排放水，應(yīng)符合附件I B的相關(guān)要求。這些要求可以按照第18條規(guī)定的程序進行修改。

4. Alternatively, requirements for individual plants set out in paragraphs 2 and 3 above need not apply in sensitive areas where it can be shown that the minimum percentage of reduction of the overall load entering all urban waste water treatment plants in that area is at least 75 % for total phosphorus and at least 75 % for total nitrogen.

4. 或者，上述第2段和第3段中對于敏感區(qū)域的單個污水廠的要求可以不必參考，但需要表明進入這些城市污水處理廠的污染物總負荷的削減量至少達到 總磷的75%，以及總氮的75%。

5. Discharges from urban waste water treatment plants which are situated in the relevant catchment areas of sensitive areas and which contribute to the pollution of these areas shall be subject to paragraphs 2, 3 and 4.

5. 位于敏感地區(qū)相關(guān)集水區(qū)的城市污水處理廠的排放，對這些地區(qū)造成污染的，適用第2、3、4款的規(guī)定。

In cases where the above catchment areas are situated wholly or partly in another Member State Article 9 shall apply.

如果上述集水區(qū)全部或部分位于另一個成員國，則應(yīng)適用第9條。

6. Member States shall ensure that the identification of sensitive areas is reviewed at intervals of no more than four years.

6. 成員國應(yīng)確保不超過每四年一次對敏感區(qū)域的識別進行審查。

7. Member States shall ensure that areas identified as sensitive following review under paragraph 6 shall within seven years meet the above requirements.

7. 成員國應(yīng)確保根據(jù)第6款審查確定為敏感區(qū)域的區(qū)域，應(yīng)在七年內(nèi)都滿足上述的要求。

8. A Member State does not have to identify sensitive areas for the purpose of this Directive if it implements the treatment established under paragraphs 2, 3 and 4 over all its territory.

8. 如果成員國在其所有領(lǐng)土上實施第2、3和4段規(guī)定的要求，則成員國不必為了滿足本指令的要求確定敏感區(qū)域。

Article 6 第六條

1. For the purposes of paragraph 2, Member States may by 31 December 1993 identify less sensitive areas according to the criteria laid down in Annex II.

1. 為了滿足第2款的要求，成員國可在1993年12月31日之前根據(jù)附件II中規(guī)定的標準確定不太敏感的區(qū)域。

2. Urban waste water discharges from agglomerations of between 10000 and 150000 p.e. to coastal waters and those from agglomaterions of between 2000 and 10000 p.e. to estuaries situated in areas described in paragraph 1 may be subjected to treatment less stringent than that prescribed in Article 4 providing that:

2. 當量人口為10000到150000，城市污水排放到沿海水域的集聚區(qū)，和當量人口2000到10000之間，城市污水排放到第1款所述的河口水域的聚集區(qū)，可進行低于第4條規(guī)定的處理，前提是：

- such discharges receive at least primary treatment as defined in Article 2 (7) in conformity with the control procedures laid down in Annex I D,

- 此類排放至少按照第2條第(7)款要求中規(guī)定的一級工藝進行處理，并按附件I D要求執(zhí)行控制管理程序，

- comprehensive studies indicate that such discharges will not adversely affect the environment.

- 綜合研究表明，此類排放不會對環(huán)境產(chǎn)生不利影響。

Member States shall provide the Commission with all relevant information concerning the abovementioned studies.

成員國應(yīng)向歐盟委員會提供有關(guān)上述研究的所有相關(guān)信息。

3. If the Commission considers that the conditions set out in paragraph 2 are not met, it shall submit to the Council an appropriate proposal.

3. 如果委員會認為第2條規(guī)定的條件不能滿足，應(yīng)向歐盟理事會提交適當?shù)奶岚浮?/p>

4. Member States shall ensure that the identification of less sensitive areas is reviewed at intervals of not more than four years.

4. 成員國應(yīng)確保不超過每四年一次對次敏感區(qū)域的識別進行審查。

5. Member States shall ensure that areas no longer identified as less sensitive shall within seven years meet the requirements of Articles 4 and 5 as appropriate.

5. 成員國應(yīng)確保不再被確定為次敏感的區(qū)域應(yīng)在七年內(nèi)酌情力爭滿足第4條和第5條的要求。

Article 7 第七條

Member States shall ensure that, by 31 December 2005, urban waste water entering collecting systems shall before discharge be subject to appropriate treatment as defined in Article 2 (9) in the following cases:

成員國應(yīng)確保在2005年12月31日之前，城市污水在排放進入收集系統(tǒng)前，應(yīng)在下列情況下按照第2條第9款的規(guī)定進行適當?shù)奶幚恚?/p>

- for discharges to fresh-water and estuaries from agglomerations of less than 2000 p.e.,

- 適用于排放到淡水和河口，從小于2000人口當量的聚集區(qū)排放的污水，

- for discharges to coastal waters from agglomerations of less than 10000 p.e.

- 適用于排放到沿海水域，從小于10000人口當量的聚集區(qū)排放的污水。

Article 8 第八條

1. Member States may, in exceptional cases due to technical problems and for geographically defined population groups, submit a special request to the Commission for a longer period for complying with Article 4.

1. 在特殊情況下，由于技術(shù)問題和地理原因確定的人口規(guī)模群體，成員國可以向委員會提交更長期限的特別請求，以滿足第4條的要求。

2. This request, for which grounds must be duly put forward, shall set out the technical difficulties experienced and must propose an action programme with an appropriate timetable to be undertaken to implement the objective of this Directive. This timetable shall be included in the programme for implementation referred to in Article 17.

2. 對于必要提出的特別請求，應(yīng)當列明所遇到的技術(shù)困難，并且必須提出一個包括合理的時間表的行動計劃，該行動計劃的制訂應(yīng)有助于實現(xiàn)本指令的目標。所制訂的時間表應(yīng)包含在第17條所述的實施計劃中。

3. Only technical reasons can be accepted and the longer period referred to in paragraph 1 may not extend beyond 31 December 2005.

3. 只有因為技術(shù)原因?qū)е碌奶厥庹埱蟛拍鼙徽J可接受，且根據(jù)第1段所提到的的延長的時間期限不得超過2005年12月31日。

4. The Commission shall examine this request and take appropriate measures in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 18.

4. 應(yīng)由委員會審查該特殊請求，并根據(jù)第18條規(guī)定的程序采取適當措施。

5. In exceptional circumstances, when it can be demonstrated that more advanced treatment will not produce any environmental benefits, discharges into less sensitive areas of waste waters from agglomerations of more than 150000 p.e. may be subject to the treatment provided for in Article 6 for waste water from agglomerations of between 10000 and 150000 p.e.

In such circumstances, Member States shall submit beforehand the relevant documentation to the Commission. The Commission will examine the case and take appropriate measures in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 18.

5. 在特殊情況下，對于10000至150000當量人口的聚集區(qū)，或超過150000當量人口的聚集區(qū)向次敏感的區(qū)域排放污水時，如果可以證明污水經(jīng)過深度處理不會產(chǎn)生任何環(huán)境效益時，成員國應(yīng)事先向委員會提交相關(guān)文件。委員會將根據(jù)第18條規(guī)定的程序?qū)彶榘讣�并采取適當措施。

Article 9 第九條

Where waters within the area of jurisdiction of a Member State are adversely affected by discharges of urban waste water from another Member State, the Member State whose waters are affected may notify the other Member State and the Commission of the relevant facts.

如果一個成員國管轄范圍內(nèi)的水域受到另一個成員國排放的城市污水的不利影響，該成員國可以將其水域受到影響的相關(guān)事實通知另一個成員國和委員會。

The Member States concerned shall organize, where appropriate with the Commission, the concertation necessary to identify the discharges in question and the measures to be taken at source to protect the waters that are affected in order to ensure conformity with the provisions of this Directive.

相關(guān)成員國應(yīng)在適當?shù)那闆r下與委員會組織必要的協(xié)作，以識別源頭存疑的污廢水排放，并在源頭采取措施保護受影響的水域，以確保滿足本指令的規(guī)定。

Article 10 第十條

Member States shall ensure that the urban waste water treatment plants built to comply with the requirements of Articles 4, 5, 6 and 7 are designed, constructed, operated and maintained to ensure sufficient performance under all normal local climatic conditions. When designing the plants, seasonal variations of the load shall be taken into account.

成員國應(yīng)確保按照第4條、第5條、第6條和第7條要求建造的城市污水處理廠在設(shè)計、建造、運行和維護時，能夠在當?shù)厮�有正常氣候條件下具有足夠的性能。在污水廠的設(shè)計過程中，應(yīng)考慮污染負荷的季節(jié)性變化。

Article 11 第十一條

1. Member States shall ensure that, before 31 December 1993, the discharge of industrial waste water into collecting systems and urban waste water treatment plants is subject to prior regulations and/or specific authorizations by the competent authority or appropriate body.

1. 成員國應(yīng)確保在1993年12月31日之前，所有工業(yè)廢水是否可以排放到相應(yīng)收集系統(tǒng)和城市污水處理廠，必須遵守相關(guān)規(guī)定和/或取得主管當局或適當機構(gòu)的具體授權(quán)。

2. Regulations and/or specific authorization shall satisfy the requirements of Annex I C. These requirements may be amended in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 18.

2. 法規(guī)和/或具體授權(quán)應(yīng)滿足附件I C的要求。這些要求可以根據(jù)第18條規(guī)定的程序進行修改。

3. Regulations and specific authorization shall be reviewed and if necessary adapted at regular intervals.

3. 應(yīng)定期審查法規(guī)和具體授權(quán)，并在必要時進行調(diào)整。

Article 12 第十二條

1. Treated waste water shall be reused whenever appropriate. Disposal routes shall minimize the adverse effects on the environment.

1. 處理后的污水應(yīng)適當回用。處置途徑應(yīng)盡量減少對環(huán)境的不利影響。

2. Competent authorities or appropriate bodies shall ensure that the disposal of waste water from urban waste water treatment plants is subject to prior regulations and/or specific authorization.

2. 主管部門或相關(guān)機構(gòu)應(yīng)確保城市污水處理廠污水的處理符合相關(guān)規(guī)定和/或特定授權(quán)。

3. Prior regulations and/or specific authorization of discharges from urban waste water treatment plants made pursuant to paragraph 2 within agglomerations of 2000 to 10000 p.e. in the case of discharges to fresh waters and estuaries, and of 10000p.e. or more in respect of all discharges, shall contain conditions to satisfy the relevant requirements of Annex I B. These requirements may be amended in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 18.

3. 對于規(guī)模在2000至10000當量人口的聚集區(qū)，根據(jù)第2款對城市污水處理廠的排放事先規(guī)定和/或具體授權(quán)。對于排放到淡水和河口，規(guī)模在大于等于10000當量人口的聚集區(qū)，應(yīng)具備滿足附件I B相關(guān)要求的條件。這些要求可根據(jù)第 18 條規(guī)定的程序進行修改。

4. Regulations and/or authorization shall be reviewed and if necessary adapted at regular intervals.

4. 應(yīng)定期審查法規(guī)和/或授權(quán)，并在必要時進行調(diào)整。

Article 13 第十三條

1. Member States shall ensure that by 31 December 2000 biodegradable industrial waste water from plants belonging to the industrial sectors listed in Annex III which does not enter urban waste water treatment plants before discharge to receiving waters shall before discharge respect conditions established in prior regulations and/or specific authorization by the competent authority or appropriate body, in respect of all discharges from plants representing 4000 p.e. or more.

1. 成員國應(yīng)確保在2000年12月31日之前，屬于附件III所列的工業(yè)廢水處理廠排放的可生物降解工業(yè)廢水，如果在排放到受納水體之前未經(jīng)城市污水處理廠處理的，在排放之前應(yīng)遵守法規(guī)中規(guī)定的條件和/或取得主管當局或適當機構(gòu)的具體授權(quán)。本條適用于規(guī)模相當于大于等于4000人口當量的工業(yè)廢水處理廠的所有排放廢水。

2. By 31 December 1993 the competent authority or appropriate body in each Member State shall set requirements appropriate to the nature of the industry concerned for the discharge of such waste water.

2. 到1993年12月31日，每個成員國的主管當局或適當?shù)臋C構(gòu)應(yīng)當對于相關(guān)工業(yè)行業(yè)性質(zhì)的此類工業(yè)廢水的排放制訂相關(guān)的要求。

3. The Commission shall carry out a comparison of the Member States' requirements by 31 December 1994. It shall publish the results in a report and if necessary make an appropriate proposal.

3. 委員會應(yīng)在1994年12月31日之前對成員國制訂的要求進行比對。比對的結(jié)果應(yīng)當公開發(fā)布，并在必要時提出適當?shù)慕ㄗh。

Article 14 第十四條

1. Sludge arising from waste water treatment shall be re-used whenever appropriate. Disposal routes shall minimize the adverse effects on the environment.

1、污水處理產(chǎn)生的污泥應(yīng)適當回用。處置途徑應(yīng)盡量減少對環(huán)境的不利影響。

2. Competent authorities or appropriate bodies shall ensure that before 31 December 1998 the disposal of sludge from urban waste water treatment plants is subject to general rules or registration or authorization.

2. 主管部門或有關(guān)機構(gòu)應(yīng)確保在1998年12月31日之前，城市污水處理廠污泥的處理處置應(yīng)符合通用的規(guī)定或登記或授權(quán)。

3. Member States shall ensure that by 31 December 1998 the disposal of sludge to surface waters by dumping from ships, by discharge from pipelines or by other means is phased out.

3. 成員國應(yīng)確保在1998年12月31日之前逐步禁止通過船舶傾倒、管道排放或其他方式向地表水中排放污泥。

4. Until the elimination of the forms of disposal mentioned in paragraph 3, Member States shall ensure that the total amount of toxic, persistent or bioaccumulable materials in sludge disposed of to surface waters is licensed for disposal and progressively reduced.

4. 在完全禁止第3段中提及的處置形式之前，成員國應(yīng)確保處置到地表水中的污泥中，對有毒、持久性或生物累積性污染物的總量進行許可的授權(quán)批準應(yīng)逐步減少。

Article 15 第十五條

1. Competent authorities or appropriate bodies shall monitor:

1. 主管當局或合適的相關(guān)機構(gòu)應(yīng)監(jiān)督：

- discharges from urba waste water treatment plants to verify compliance with the requirements of Annex I.B in accordance with the control procedures laid down in Annex I.D,

- 城市污水處理廠的排放，應(yīng)根據(jù)附件I D中規(guī)定的控制程序驗證是否符合附件I B的要求，

- amounts and composition of sludges disposed of to surface waters.

- 排放到地表水中的污泥的總量和成分。

2. Competent authorities or appropriate bodies shall monitor waters subject to discharges from urban waste water treatment plants and direct discharges as described in Article 13 in cases where it can be expected that the receiving environment will be significantly affected.

2. 主管當局或有關(guān)機構(gòu)應(yīng)對第13條所述的城市污水處理廠的排放污水和直接排放的污水進行監(jiān)測，以防對受納環(huán)境可能造成的重大影響。

3. In the case of a discharge subject to the provisions of Article 6 and in the case of disposal of sludge to surface waters, Member States shall monitor and carry out any other relevant studies to verify that the discharge or disposal does not adversely affect the environment.

3. 對于第6條所述的排放和向地表水排放污泥的情況，成員國應(yīng)進行監(jiān)測并開展相關(guān)研究，以驗證此類排放或處置方式不會對環(huán)境產(chǎn)生不利影響。

4. Information collected by competent authorities or appropriate bodies in complying with paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 shall be retained in the Member State and made available to the Commission within six months of receipt of a request.

4. 主管當局或適當機構(gòu)根據(jù)第1、2和3段收集的相關(guān)信息應(yīng)保存在成員國，并在收到要求后六個月內(nèi)提供給委員會。

5. Guidelines on the monitoring referred to in paragraphs 1, 2 and 3 may be formulated in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 18.

5. 第1、2和3段所述的監(jiān)測的要求可根據(jù)第18條規(guī)定的程序制定。

Article 16 第十六條

Without prejudice to the implementation of the provisions of Council Directive 90/313/EEC of 7 June 1990 on the freedom of access to information on the environment, Member States shall ensure that every two years the relevant authorities or bodies publish situation reports on the disposal of urban waste water and sludge in their areas. These reports shall be transmitted to the Commission by the Member States as soon as they are published.

在不違背1990年6月7日理事會指令90/313/EEC關(guān)于自由獲取環(huán)境信息的規(guī)定的前提下，成員國應(yīng)確保相關(guān)當局或機構(gòu)每兩年發(fā)布一次關(guān)于本地區(qū)城市污水和污泥處理處置的情況報告。這些報告一經(jīng)發(fā)布，成員國應(yīng)立即抄送至委員會。

Article 17 第十七條

1. Member States shall by 31 December 1993 establish a programme for the implementation of this Directive.

1. 成員國應(yīng)在1993年12月31日之前制定實施本指令的具體計劃。

2. Member States shall by 30 June 1994 provide the Commission with information on the programme.

2. 成員國應(yīng)在1994年6月30日之前向委員會提供有關(guān)該具體計劃的信息。

3. Member States shall, if necessary, provide the Commission by 30 June every two years with an update of the information described in paragraph 2.

3. 如有必要，成員國應(yīng)每兩年一次，在6月30日之前向委員會提供第2段所述信息的更新。

4. The methods and formats to be adopted for reporting on the national programmes shall be determined in accordance with the procedure laid down in Article 18. Any amendments to these methods and formats shall be adopted in accordance with the same procedure.

4. 各成員國提交本地區(qū)相關(guān)計劃的方法和格式應(yīng)按照第18條規(guī)定的程序編寫。對這些方法和格式的任何修改，均應(yīng)按照相同的程序進行。

5. The Commission shall every two years review and assess the information received pursuant to paragraphs 2 and 3 above and publish a report thereon.

5. 委員會應(yīng)每兩年一次，審查和評估上述第2段和第3段收到的信息，并就此發(fā)布報告。

Article 18 第十八條

1. The Commission shall be assisted by a Committee composed of the representatives of the Member States and chaired by the representative of the Commission.

1. 委員會應(yīng)由各成員國派出的代表擔任委員，委員會指派代表擔任主席。

2. The representative of the Commission shall submit to the committee a draft of the measures to be taken. The committee shall deliver its opinion on the draft within a time limit which the chairman may lay down according to the urgency of the matter. The opinion shall be delivered by the majority laid down in Article 148 (2) of the Treaty in the case of decisions which the Council is required to adopt on a proposal from the Commission. The votes of the representatives of the Member States within the committee shall be weighted in the manner set out in that Article. The chairman shall not vote.

2. 委員會代表應(yīng)向委員會提交擬采取措施的草案。由主席視事態(tài)緊迫性，委員會全體委員應(yīng)在規(guī)定的期限內(nèi)對草案提出意見。歐盟理事會根據(jù)委員會的提議，應(yīng)根據(jù)歐盟條約第148條第2款規(guī)定的多數(shù)人投票同意的方法通過。委員會內(nèi)成員國代表的投票權(quán)應(yīng)按照該條規(guī)定的方式進行加權(quán)。主席不擁有投票權(quán)。

3. (a) The Commission shall adopt the measures envisaged if they are in accordance with the opinion of the committee.

3. (a)委員會如果與全體委員所提議的措施一致，應(yīng)予以采納。

(b) If the measures envisaged are not in accordance with the opinion of the committee, or if no opinion is delivered, the Commission shall, without delay, submit to the Council a proposal relating to the measures to be taken. The Council shall act by a qualified majority.

(b) 如果委員所提議的措施在委員會內(nèi)未形成一致的意見，或者委員會也沒有形成其他明確的意見，委員會應(yīng)立即向理事會提交有關(guān)該措施的提案，由理事會以少數(shù)服從多數(shù)的投票方法進行通過。

If, on the expiry of a period of three months from the date of referral to the Council, the Council has not acted, the proposed measures shall be adopted by the Commission, save where the Council has decided against the said measures by a simple majority.

如果自將提案提交到理事會之日起三個月期限屆滿后，理事會仍未采取行動的，委員會應(yīng)自動通過提議的措施，除非理事會以少數(shù)服從多數(shù)的投票方法決定反對上述措施。

Article 19 第19條

1. Member States shall bring into force the laws, regulations and administrative provisions necessary to comply with this Directive no later than 30 June 1993. They shall forthwith inform the Commission thereof.

1. 成員國應(yīng)不遲于1993年6月30日，使能夠支撐本指令實施所需的法律、法規(guī)和行政規(guī)定生效。并應(yīng)將這些法律、法規(guī)和行政規(guī)定立即通知委員會。

2. When Member States adopt the measures referred to in paragraph 1, they shall contain a reference to this Directive or shall be accompanied by such a reference on the occasion of their official publication. The methods of making such a reference shall be laid down by the Member States.

2. 當成員國執(zhí)行第1段中提到的要求時，應(yīng)在對本指令的引用或在其正式發(fā)布的文件中附有對法律、法規(guī)和行政規(guī)定的引用。具體標注引用參考文獻的方法應(yīng)由成員國自行規(guī)定。

3. Member States shall communicate to the Commission the texts of the main provisions of national law which they adopt in the field governed by this Directive.

3. 成員國應(yīng)向委員會通報它們在本指令涉及的范圍內(nèi)通過的國內(nèi)法律的相關(guān)法條文本。

Article 20 第二十條

This Directive is addressed to the Member States.

本指令發(fā)送至各成員國。

Done at Brussels, 21 May 1991.

1991年5月21日成稿于布魯塞爾。

ANNEX I

附件I

REQUIREMENTS FOR URBAN WASTE WATER

城市污水的相關(guān)要求

A. Collecting systems

A. 收集系統(tǒng)

Collecting systems shall take into account waste water treatment requirements. The design, construction and maintenance of collecting systems shall be undertaken in accordance with the best technical knowledge not entailing excessive costs, notably regarding :

收集系統(tǒng)應(yīng)考慮污水處理的要求。收集系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計、建造和維護應(yīng)與結(jié)合當下最先進的技術(shù)認知水平相匹配，并不會產(chǎn)生過多的成本，特別是在以下方面：

— volume and characteristics of urban waste water,

- 城市污水的總量和污染特征，

— prevention of leaks,

- 漏損的預(yù)防控制，

— limitation of pollution of receiving waters due to storm water overflows.

- 當收納暴雨溢流時，對可以接納的污染物總量的限制。

B. Discharge from urban waste water treatment plants to receiving waters

B. 從城市污水處理廠排放到受納水體的排放水

1 . Waste water treatment plants shall be designed or modified so that representative samples of the incoming waste water and of treated effluent can be obtained before discharge to receiving waters.

1. 污水處理廠的設(shè)計或改造，應(yīng)保證可以取得代表進水水質(zhì)的樣本，以及處理后的排放水在排放到受納水體之前的樣本。

2. Discharges from urban waste water treatment plants subject to treatment in accordance with Articles 4 and 5 shall meet the requirements shown in Table 1 .

2. 按照第4、5條處理的城市污水處理廠的排放水，應(yīng)符合表1的要求。

3. Discharges from urban waste water treatment plants to those sensitive areas which are subject to eutrophication as identified in Annex IIA (a) shall in addition meet the requirements shown in Table 2 of this Annex.

3. 城市污水處理廠如向附件II A(a)中定義的富營養(yǎng)化敏感區(qū)域進行排放，還應(yīng)符合本附件表2的要求。

4. More stringent requirements than those shown in Table 1 and/or Table 2 shall be applied where required to ensure that the receiving waters satisfy any other relevant Directives.

4. 應(yīng)采用比表1和/或表2更嚴格的要求，以確保受納水體的水質(zhì)能夠滿足任何其他的相關(guān)指令。

5. The points of discharge of urban waste water shall be chosen, as far as possible, so as to minimize the effects on receiving waters.

5、城市污水的排放點的選擇，以盡量減少對受納水體的影響。

C. Industrial waste water

C. 工業(yè)廢水

Industrial waste water entering collecting systems and urban waste water treatment plants shall be subject to such pre-treatment as is required in order to :

工業(yè)廢水在進入收集系統(tǒng)和城市污水處理廠之前，應(yīng)當以下列要求為考量采取預(yù)處理措施：

— protect the health of staff working in collecting systems and treatment plants,

- 能夠保護收集系統(tǒng)和污水處理廠的工作人員的身體健康，

— ensure that collecting systems, waste water treatment plants and associated equipment are not damaged,

- 確保對收集系統(tǒng)、污水處理廠和相關(guān)的設(shè)備不會帶來損害，

— ensure that the operation of the waste water treatment plant and the treatment of sludge are not impeded,

- 確保污水處理廠的運行和污泥的處理不受干擾，

— ensure that discharges from the treatment plants do not adversely affect the environment, or prevent receiving water from complying with other Community Directives,

- 確保污水處理廠的排放水不會對環(huán)境造成負面影響，或?qū)е率芗{水體不能滿足其他歐盟指令的要求，

— ensure that sludge can be disposed of safety in an environmentally acceptable manner.

- 確保污泥能夠被安全的處置，并可達到被環(huán)境接納的水平。

D. Reference methods for monitoring and evaluation of results

D. 監(jiān)測和評估可以參考的方法

1 . Member States shall ensure that a monitoring method is applied which corresponds at least with the level of requirements described below.

1. 成員國應(yīng)確保所采用的監(jiān)測方法至少應(yīng)該符合以下列出的要求。

Alternative methods to those mentioned in paragraphs 2; 3 and 4 may be used provided that it can be demonstrated that equivalent results are obtained.

2. 第2、2和4段中所述方法，可以采用其他替代方法，但需要證明這些方法可以取得等效的結(jié)果。

Member States shall provide the Commission with all relevant information concerning the applied method. If the Commission considers that the conditions set out in paragraphs 2, 3 and 4 are not met, it will submit an appropriate proposal to the Council.

成員國應(yīng)向委員會提供有關(guān)所采用的方法的所有相關(guān)信息。 如果委員會認為和第2、3和4段規(guī)定的要求不匹配，將向理事會提出適當?shù)慕ㄗh。

2. Flow-proportional or time-based 24-hour samples shall be collected at the same well-defined point in the outlet and if necessary in the inlet of the treatment plant in order to monitor compliance with the requirements for discharged waste water laid down in this Directive. Good international laboratory practices aiming at minimizing the degradation of samples between collection and analysis shall be applied.

2. 按流量比例或基于時間的24小時樣本應(yīng)在同一個明確定義的排口采樣點進行采集，必要時也應(yīng)在污水處理廠進水口處進行采集，以監(jiān)測是否滿足本指令中規(guī)定的要求。應(yīng)根據(jù)優(yōu)秀國際實驗室的規(guī)范要求，確保樣本在采樣和分析過程中，盡量減少污染物符合的自然降解。

3 . The minimum annual number of samples shall be etermined according to the size of the treatment plant and be collected at regular intervals during the year :

3. 每年最低的樣本數(shù)量應(yīng)根據(jù)污水處理廠的規(guī)模確定，并在一年中定期采樣：

— 2 000 to 9 999 p. e. : 12 samples during the first year. four samples in subsequent years, if it can be shown that the water during the first year complies with the provisions of the Directive ; if one sample of the four fails, 12 samples must be taken in the year that follows.

- 對于2000到9999人口當量規(guī)模，第一年應(yīng)采樣12個樣本。如果第一年的樣本分析發(fā)現(xiàn)可以滿足本指令的要求，隨后每年只需要采集4個樣本；如果之后每年的4個樣本中出現(xiàn)一個樣本不達標，在隨后的一年中依然需要采用12個樣本。

— 10 000 to 49 999 p. e. : 12 samples.

- 對于10000到49999人口當量規(guī)模的聚集區(qū)，每年采樣12個樣本。

— 50 000 p. e. or over : 24 samples

- 對于大于等于50000人口當量規(guī)模的聚集區(qū)，每年采樣24個樣本。

4. The treated waste water shall be assumed to conform to the relevant parameters if, for each relevant parameter considered individually, samples of the water show that it complies with the relevant parametric value in the following way :

4. 處理后的污水應(yīng)該滿足相關(guān)的參數(shù)限值，每一個水質(zhì)指標都被認為是一個獨立的指標，這個水樣可通過以下方式就被認為能夠達到限值要求：

(a) for the parameters specified in Table 1 and Article 2 (7), a maximum number of samples which are allowed to fail the requirements, expressed in concentrations and/or percentage reductions in Table 1 and Article 2 (7), is specified in Table 3 ;

(a) 對于表1，以及第2條第7款規(guī)定的水質(zhì)參數(shù)，規(guī)定了允許超標樣品的最大數(shù)量，具體上限以表1和第2條第7款中的濃度限值和/或污染物削減率表示，匯總在表3中；

(b) for the parameters of Table 1 expressed in concentrations, the failing samples taken under normal operating conditions must not deviate from the parametric values by more than 100 % . For the parametric values in concentration relating to total suspended solids deviations of up to 1 50 % may be accepted ;

(b) 對于表1中以濃度表示的參數(shù)，在正常操作條件下采集的不合格樣本與參數(shù)限值的偏差不得超過100%。對于與總懸浮固體（SS）有關(guān)的濃度參數(shù)值的偏差最高可以接受到150%；

(c) for those parameters specified in Table 2 the annual mean of the samples for each parameter shall conform to the relevant parametric values.

(c) 對于表2中規(guī)定的那些參數(shù)，每年所有樣本單個參數(shù)的年平均值應(yīng)符合相關(guān)限值要求。

5. Extreme values for the water quality in question shall not be taken into consideration when they are the result of unusual situations such as those due to heavy rain.

5. 因暴雨等異常情況造成的水質(zhì)極值不予考慮。

Table 1 : Requirements for discharges from urban waste water treatment plants subject to Articles 4 and 5 of the Directive. The values for concentration or for the percentage of reduction shall apply.

表 1：根據(jù)指令第4條和第5條中對城市污水處理廠排放水的要求，各水質(zhì)參數(shù)對應(yīng)的濃度限值或削減率要求。

(1) Reduction in relation to the load of the influent.

(1) 污染物削減率與進水負荷有關(guān)。

(2) The parameter can be replaced by another parameter : total organic carbon (TOC) or total oxygen demand (TOD) if a relationship can be established between BODS and the substitute parameter.

(2) 這個水質(zhì)參數(shù)可以替換成其他參數(shù)：如果可以在BOD5和總有機碳(TOC)或總需氧量（TOD）之間建立換算關(guān)系，可以替換成TOC或TOD。

(3) This requirement is optional.

(3) 這個要求是可選的。

Analyses concerning discharges from lagooning shall be carried out on filtered samples ; however, the concentration of total suspended solids in unfiltered water samples shall not exceed 150 mg/L.

污泥處理過程中排放的污水必須經(jīng)過過濾后才能進行分析；但是，未經(jīng)過濾的樣品中總懸浮固體的濃度也不得超過150 mg/L。

Table 2 : Requirements for discharges from urban waste water treatment plants to sensitive areas which are subject to eutrophication as identified in Annex II A(a). One or both parameters may be applied depending on the local situation. The values for concentration or for the percentage of reduction shall apply.

表2：城市污水處理廠排放到附件II A(a)中定義的易發(fā)生富營養(yǎng)化的敏感區(qū)域的要求�？梢愿鶕�(jù)當?shù)厍闆r選用一個或全部參數(shù)，但是濃度限值和污染物削減率應(yīng)當參照。

(1) Reduction in relation to the load of the influent.

(1) 污染物削減率與進水負荷有關(guān)。

(2) Total nitrogen means : the sum of total Kjeldahl-nitrogen (organic N + NH}), nitrate (NOj)-nitrogen and nitrite (NOJ-nitrogen.

(2) 總氮指：總凱氏定氮、硝酸鹽氮和亞硝酸鹽氮。

(3) Alternatively, the daily average must not exceed 20 mg/1 N. This requirement refers to a water temperature of 12° C or more during the operation of the biological reactor of the waste water treatment plant. As a substitute for the condition concerning the temperature, it is possible to apply a limited time of operation, which takes into account the regional climatic conditions. This alternative applies if it can be shown that paragraph 1 of Annex I.D is fulfilled.

(3) 或者，日平均值不得超過 20 mg氮/L。此要求是基于污水處理廠的生物反應(yīng)器運行過程在水溫12℃以上的運行狀態(tài)。作為可以替代溫度作為工況條件的參考依據(jù)，也可以以對應(yīng)運行時間作為參考，具體參數(shù)的選擇需要考慮到區(qū)域氣候條件。這個參數(shù)替換的做法如果可以證明滿足附件I D第1段的要求，則該替代方案適用。

Table 3

ANNEX II

附件II

CRITERIA FOR IDENTIFICATION OF SENSITIVE AND LESS SENSITIVE AREAS

敏感區(qū)域和次敏感區(qū)域的識別標準

A. Sensitive areas

A.敏感區(qū)域

A water body must be identified as a sensitive area if it falls into one of the following groups :

某個水體如果存在以下任意一種情況，就必須倍認定為敏感區(qū)域：

(a) natural freshwater lakes, other freshwater bodies, estuaries and coastal waters which are found to be eutrophic or which in the near future may become eutrophic if protective action is not taken.

(a) 天然淡水湖、其他淡水水體、河口和沿海水域，這些水域被發(fā)現(xiàn)存在富營養(yǎng)化情況的，或者如果不采取保護行動，在不久的將來可能會變得富營養(yǎng)化。

The following elements might be taken into account when considering which nutrient should be reduced by further treatment :

在考慮應(yīng)通過進一步處理削減水中哪種營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)時，可以考慮以下因素：

(i) lakes and streams reaching lakes/reservoirs/closed bays which are found to have a poor water exchange, whereby accumulation may take place. In these areas, the removal of phosphorus should be included unless it can be demonstrated that the removal will have no effect on the level of eutrophication. Where discharges from large agglomerations are made, the removal of nitrogen may also be considered ;

(i) 湖泊和溪流匯流到其他湖泊/水庫/封閉海灣時，如果發(fā)現(xiàn)它們間的水體交換情況不良，可能會發(fā)生營養(yǎng)鹽積聚 在這些區(qū)域，應(yīng)該要考慮對磷的削減，除非可以證明磷的削減對富營養(yǎng)化沒有影響。如果這里包括了從大型聚集區(qū)排放的污水，也需要考慮對氮的削減；

(ii) estuaries, bays and other coastal waters which are found to have a poor water exchange, or which receive large quantities of nutrients. Discharges from small agglomerations are usually of minor importance in those areas, but for large agglomerations, the removal of phosphorus and/or nitrogen should be included unless it can be demonstrated that the removal will have no effect on the level of eutrophication ;

(ii) 河口、海灣和其他發(fā)現(xiàn)水體交換情況不良或接納了大量營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)的沿海水域。在這些地區(qū)，小型聚集區(qū)的污水排放通常不太重要，但對于大型聚集區(qū)的排放污水，應(yīng)考慮對于磷和/或氮的去除，除非可以證明磷和氮的去除不會對富營養(yǎng)化水平產(chǎn)生影響；

(b) surface freshwaters intended for the abstraction of drinking water which could contain more than the concentration of nitrate laid down under the relevant provisions of Council Directive 75/440/EEC of 16 June 1975 concerning the quality required of surface water intended for the abstraction of drinking water in the Member States if action is not taken ;

(b) 作為飲用水水源用途的的地表淡水，其含有的硝酸鹽濃度可能超過 1975年6月16日理事會指令75/440/EEC關(guān)于地表水水源水質(zhì)的相關(guān)規(guī)定。如果不采取行動，相關(guān)成員國可能不能再以此為飲用水水源；

(c) areas where further treatment than that prescribed in Article 4 of this Directive is necessary to fulfil Council Directives.

(c) 為履行理事會指令，需要在未來進一步對本指令第4條定義的區(qū)域進行深入的處理。

B. Less sensitive areas

B.次敏感區(qū)域

A marine water body or area can be identified as a less sensitive area if the discharge of waste water does not adversely affect the environment as a result of morphology, hydrology or specific hydraulic conditions which exist in that area.

如果污水的排放不會對環(huán)境產(chǎn)生的負面影響不會導(dǎo)致該水體的形態(tài)、水文或特定水力條件發(fā)生變化，則可以將該水體區(qū)域確定為次敏感的區(qū)域。

When identifying less sensitive areas, Member States shall take into account the risk that the discharged load may be transferred to adjacent areas where it can cause detrimental environmental effects. Member States shall recognize the presence of sensitive areas outside their national jurisdiction.

在確定次敏感區(qū)域時，成員國應(yīng)考慮排放的污染負荷可能會轉(zhuǎn)移到鄰近區(qū)域，存在造成環(huán)境有害影響的風險。成員國應(yīng)承認在其國家管轄范圍之外存在的敏感區(qū)域。

The following elements shall be taken into consideration when identifying less sensitive areas : open bays, estuaries and other coastal waters with a good water exchange and not subject to eutrophication or oxygen depletion or which are considered uhlikely to become eutrophic or to develop oxygen depletion due to the discharge of urban waste water.

在確定次敏感的區(qū)域時，應(yīng)考慮以下因素：開闊的海灣、河口和其他水交換良好且不會發(fā)生富營養(yǎng)化或缺氧的沿海水域，或被認為不太可能因為城市污水排放而變得富營養(yǎng)化或缺氧的水域 。

ANNEX III

附件III

INDUSTRIAL SECTORS

工業(yè)部門

1. Milk-processing

1.牛奶產(chǎn)品加工業(yè)

2. Manufacture of fruit and vegetable products

2.蔬果產(chǎn)品加工業(yè)

3. Manufacture and bottling of soft drinks

3.瓶裝軟飲料加工業(yè)

4. Potato-processing

4.土豆產(chǎn)品加工業(yè)

5. Meat industry

5.肉產(chǎn)品加工業(yè)

6. Breweries

6.啤酒加工業(yè)

7. Production of alcohol and alcoholic beverages

7. 酒精和酒精飲料的生產(chǎn)行業(yè)

8 . Manufacture of animal feed from plant products

8. 用植物產(chǎn)品加工的動物飼料生產(chǎn)行業(yè)

9. Manufacture of gelatine and of glue from hides, skin and bones

9. 以生皮、皮膚和骨頭為原料的明膠和膠水的生產(chǎn)行業(yè)

10. Malt-houses

10. 麥芽制品生產(chǎn)行業(yè)

11 . Fish-processing industry

11. 水廠魚類加工業(yè)

https://www.legislation.gov.uk/eudr/1991/271/introduction